impaired physical mobility nursing diagnosis crcm

In symmetrical inanimate objects the center of gravity is at the exact center of the object. To lift safely the lifter has to overcome the weight of the object and know its center of gravity. Unsteady patients fall if their center of gravity becomes unbalanced because of the gravitational pull on their weight.

The force of weight is always directed downward, which is why an unbalanced object falls. Weight is the force exerted on a body by gravity. Impaired balance is a major threat to physical safety and contributes to a fear of falling and self-imposed restrictions on activity. Medications that cause dizziness and prolonged immobility also affect balance. Disease, injury, pain, physical development (e.g., age), and life changes (e.g., pregnancy) compromise the ability to remain balanced. Individuals require balance for maintaining a static position (e.g., sitting) and moving (e.g., walking). Balance is enhanced by keeping the center of gravity of the body low with a wide base of support and maintaining correct body posture. Without balance control the center of gravity is displaced, thus creating a risk for falls and subsequent injuries. Correct body alignment reduces strain on musculoskeletal structures, aids in maintaining adequate muscle tone, promotes comfort, and contributes to balance and conservation of energy. Body alignment means that the individual’s center of gravity is stable. The terms body alignment and posture are similar and refer to the positioning of the joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles while standing, sitting, and lying. Today nurses use information about body alignment, balance, gravity, and friction when implementing nursing interventions such as positioning patients, determining the risk of patient falls, and selecting the safest way to move or transfer patients. Although nurses need to understand the physics surrounding body mechanics, lifting techniques historically used in nursing practice that emphasize body mechanics often cause debilitating injuries to nursing and other health care staff ( de Castro et al., 2006 ). Body mechanics is a term used to describe the coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems. Movement is a complex process that requires coordination between the musculoskeletal and nervous systems. Knowing the movements and functions of muscles in maintaining posture and movement and implementing evidence-based knowledge about safe patient handling are essential to protecting the safety of both the patient and the nurse. Intact musculoskeletal and nervous systems are necessary for optimal physical mobility and functioning.Ĭlinical nursing practice related to mobility and immobility requires the incorporation of scientific and nursing knowledge and skills to provide competent care. Many functions of the body depend on mobility. It is also used to show self-defense, perform activities of daily living (ADLs), and participate in recreational activities. People use mobility for many purposes (e.g., expression of emotions or satisfaction of basic needs with nonverbal gestures).

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), p. Evaluate the nursing plan for maintaining body alignment and mobility.

Compare and contrast active and passive range-of-motion exercises.

Discuss the impact of national patient safety resources, initiatives, and regulations in relation to patient handling and movement.

Describe equipment needed for safe patient handling and movement.

Discuss the importance of no-lift policies for the patient and health care provider.

Develop individualized nursing care plans for patients with impaired body alignment and mobility.

Formulate appropriate nursing diagnoses for impaired body alignment and mobility.

Assess for correct and impaired body alignment and mobility.

Identify changes in physiological and psychosocial function associated with mobility and immobility.

Discuss physiological and pathological influences on body alignment and joint mobility.Describe the functions of the musculoskeletal (skeleton, skeletal muscles) and nervous systems in the regulation of movement.

Impaired physical mobility nursing diagnosis crcm